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Segons la xaria, els ajuntaments catalans no poden finançar ni ajudar a fer mesquites

L’Alcorà estableix que són els musulmans qui han de finançar les mesquites. Si no és així, no és una verdadera mesquita.

Protesta contra la cessió d’un solar per fer-hi una mesquita a Banyoles

Segons la tradició islàmica, la construcció i el manteniment de les mesquites és un deure dels creients, que s’hi impliquen com a acte de fe i com a forma de ṣadaqa jariya (caritat contínua). Aquesta idea està arrelada en l’Alcorà, en la sunna (paraules i actes del Profeta Muhàmmad) i en el fiqh (jurisprudència islàmica).

A la pràctica, això significa que actuacions com la cessió de sòl municipal a Banyoles per a la construcció d’una mesquita, o el finançament per part de l’Ajuntament de Barcelona d’obres en centres de culte islàmic, no són legalment vàlides segons la llei islàmica. Encara que aquestes mesures s’emmarquin dins la legislació espanyola de llibertat religiosa i igualtat de tracte, la xaria no reconeix la legitimitat d’una mesquita construïda o reformada amb recursos d’autoritats no musulmanes, especialment si provenen d’un Estat que no aplica la llei islàmica. acceptables per a l’oració.

Per tant, des del punt de vista de la jurisprudència islàmica clàssica, aquestes mesquites no compleixen els requisits per ser considerades espais sagrats

Els infidels contaminen la mesquita

A l’Alcorà, la sura 9, versicle 18 estableix de manera clara que “només construeixen i mantenen les mesquites de Déu aquells que creuen en Déu i en el Dia del Judici, fan l’oració, donen l’almoina i no temen ningú excepte Déu”. Aquesta afirmació restringeix explícitament la legitimitat de la construcció de mesquites als creients musulmans, i exclou qualsevol actor extern, especialment si és no musulmà. El famós exegeta i jurista Al-Qurtubī (s. XIII) va comentar aquest vers dient que només els musulmans “tenen dret legal i moral a gestionar els llocs de culte islàmic”, i que l’ajut d’infidels podria “contaminar l’acte sagrat”.

Aquest principi es veu reforçat pel versicle 107 de la mateixa sura, que condemna una mesquita construïda amb males intencions per part d’hipòcrites, afirmant que “Déu testimonia que són mentiders” i que aquella mesquita no és digna d’oració. Els juristes clàssics, com l’imam Mālik i l’imam al-Shāfiʿī, dedueixen d’aquests textos que la intenció (niyya) i la procedència lícita dels fons són condicions jurídiques imprescindibles per a la validesa d’una mesquita.

Aquesta doctrina, compartida per les quatre escoles sunnites, posa en dubte la coherència entre les pràctiques municipals d’ajuda institucional i el respecte per la pròpia normativa religiosa islàmica. Acceptar diners públics d’un estat laic o d’una administració no islàmica contradiu els mateixos textos que regeixen la vida espiritual de la comunitat musulmana, i converteix la mesquita en una construcció jurídicament i religiosament irregular.

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