{"id":4529,"date":"2025-03-03T14:43:12","date_gmt":"2025-03-03T14:43:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/percepcions.cat\/?p=4529"},"modified":"2025-03-07T15:46:22","modified_gmt":"2025-03-07T14:46:22","slug":"los-castigos-por-no-cumplir-el-ganado-codigo-penal-y-control-social","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/percepcions.cat\/es\/los-castigos-por-no-cumplir-el-ganado-codigo-penal-y-control-social\/","title":{"rendered":"Los castigos por no cumplir el Ramad\u00e1n: c\u00f3digo penal y control social"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-9cb50b66 alignfull uagb-is-root-container\"><div class=\"uagb-container-inner-blocks-wrap\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-fa03ca8d\"><h1 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">Els c\u00e0stigs per no complir el Ramad\u00e0: codi penal i control social<\/h1><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-57950bc9 alignfull uagb-is-root-container\"><div class=\"uagb-container-inner-blocks-wrap\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-e7f221fc\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\">Multes, pres\u00f3 i c\u00e0stigs f\u00edsics es combinen amb una forta vigil\u00e0ncia social per garantir el compliment del Ramad\u00e0<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-2791000d alignfull uagb-is-root-container\"><div class=\"uagb-container-inner-blocks-wrap\"><div style=\"font-size:12px;padding-right:0;padding-left:0\" class=\"wp-block-post-date\"><time datetime=\"2025-03-03T14:43:12+01:00\">3 de marzo de 2025<\/time><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-layout-flex uagb-block-3668bbc1 default uagb-is-root-container\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-c2d10651 alignfull uagb-is-root-container\"><div class=\"uagb-container-inner-blocks-wrap\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-09c39753\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-8640ecc5\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-1088a23c\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.freepik.com\/free-ai-image\/portrait-young-girl-student-attending-school_76552004.htm#fromView=search&amp;page=1&amp;position=2&amp;uuid=87efd55f-40b2-4ecb-b9df-8e2b12da0eb2&amp;query=hijab+ni%C3%B1as+escuela\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.freepik.es\/foto-gratis\/turista-paisaje-desierto_4245819.htm#fromView=search&amp;page=1&amp;position=9&amp;uuid=3116a549-4a2b-487c-b8f1-7ceb1cab83ad&amp;query=marraquesh+\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Imatge de <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/pixabay.com\/es\/users\/engin_akyurt-3656355\/?utm_source=link-attribution&amp;utm_medium=referral&amp;utm_campaign=image&amp;utm_content=1819673\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Engin Akyurt<\/a> en <a 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0-4.688-0.625-6.688-1.875l-0.5-0.25-5 1.313 1.313-4.875-0.313-0.5c-1.313-2.125-2-4.5-2-7 0-7.313 5.938-13.188 13.188-13.188 3.5 0 6.813 1.375 9.313 3.875s3.875 5.813 3.875 9.313c0 7.25-5.938 13.188-13.188 13.188zM23.313 19.188c-0.438-0.188-2.375-1.188-2.75-1.313-0.313-0.125-0.625-0.188-0.875 0.188-0.25 0.438-1 1.313-1.25 1.563s-0.438 0.313-0.875 0.125c-0.375-0.188-1.625-0.625-3.188-2-1.125-1-1.938-2.313-2.188-2.75-0.25-0.375 0-0.563 0.188-0.813 0.188-0.125 0.375-0.438 0.563-0.688 0.25-0.188 0.313-0.375 0.438-0.625s0.063-0.5-0.063-0.688c-0.063-0.188-0.875-2.188-1.188-2.938-0.375-0.813-0.688-0.688-0.938-0.688-0.188 0-0.5 0-0.75 0s-0.688 0.063-1.063 0.438c-0.375 0.438-1.375 1.375-1.375 3.313 0 2 1.438 3.875 1.625 4.125s2.813 4.25 6.75 6c0.938 0.375 1.688 0.625 2.25 0.813 1 0.313 1.813 0.25 2.5 0.188 0.813-0.125 2.375-1 2.688-1.938 0.375-0.875 0.375-1.688 0.25-1.875-0.125-0.125-0.375-0.25-0.75-0.438z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"essb_network_name essb_noname\"><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-c40b0138 alignfull uagb-is-root-container\"><div class=\"uagb-container-inner-blocks-wrap\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-ba4d1a97\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\">El Ramad\u00e0 \u00e9s un dels cinc pilars de l&#8217;islam i implica una <strong>abstin\u00e8ncia rigorosa de menjar, beure, fumar i tenir relacions sexuals durant les hores di\u00fcrnes<\/strong>. <\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-6b2b5ceb\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\">Les conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies de no complir aquest precepte varien significativament segons el pa\u00eds, amb sancions que van des de la desaprovaci\u00f3 social fins a c\u00e0stigs f\u00edsics severs. L\u2019aplicaci\u00f3 de sancions legals demostra com la religi\u00f3 i la legislaci\u00f3 es confonen.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-e4bc6da1\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\">Estats com Turquia, Indon\u00e8sia i Tun\u00edsia tenen governs seculars, per\u00f2 la religi\u00f3 juga un paper important en la societat. Tot i que no hi ha lleis nacionals que penalitzin l&#8217;incompliment del dejuni, en algunes regions o comunitats locals poden existir normes no oficials o pressions socials que incentivin el compliment del Ramad\u00e0<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-3b2c8d5e\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\">En canvi, nacions com l&#8217;Ar\u00e0bia Saudita, l&#8217;Iran, l&#8217;Agfanistan o el Sudan, la xaria (llei isl\u00e0mica) \u00e9s la base del sistema legal. En aquests pa\u00efsos, incomplir el dejuni del Ramad\u00e0 en p\u00fablic es considera una ofensa greu i pot comportar sancions severes.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-05023717\"><h2 class=\"uagb-heading-text\"><strong>La pressi\u00f3 legal per seguir el Ramad\u00e0 <\/strong><\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-db6ccea7\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\">En molts pa\u00efsos l&#8217;aplicaci\u00f3 de les lleis \u00e9s discrecional i pot variar segons la regi\u00f3 o la interpretaci\u00f3 de les autoritats locals. Aix\u00f2 provoca una incertesa sobre les conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies d&#8217;incomplir el dejuni en p\u00fablic.\u200b<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-375005db\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\"><strong>Jord\u00e0nia<\/strong>: Menjar, beure o fumar en p\u00fablic durant les hores de dejuni pot comportar una multa de 50 dinars jordans (aproximadament 65 euros) i fins a un mes de pres\u00f3. Les autoritats realitzen controls, especialment en ciutats com Amman, i els establiments comercials que serveixen menjar durant el dia poden ser sancionats o obligats a tancar.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-32d8a312\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\"><strong>Bahrein<\/strong>: La infracci\u00f3 del dejuni en p\u00fablic es considera un delicte, amb penes de pres\u00f3 la durada de les quals dep\u00e8n del criteri del jutge.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-729497c0\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\"><strong>Tun\u00edsia<\/strong>: \u200bA Tun\u00edsia, no existeix una llei espec\u00edfica que obligui els ciutadans a observar el dejuni durant el mes de Ramad\u00e0 ni que prohibeixi menjar en p\u00fablic durant aquest per\u00edode. <\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-e151813d\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\">No obstant aix\u00f2, les autoritats han aplicat l&#8217;article 226 del Codi Penal, que sanciona els actes considerats \u00abindec\u00e8ncia p\u00fablica\u00bb, per castigar aquells que mengen, beuen o fumen en p\u00fablic durant les hores de dejuni del Ramad\u00e0. Els c\u00e0stigs van des de multes fins a penes de pres\u00f3. <\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-e7f3bd68\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\"><strong>Marroc<\/strong>: \u200bAl Marroc, l&#8217;article 222 del Codi Penal estableix c\u00e0stigs per \u00abqualsevol persona not\u00f2riament coneguda per la seva pertinen\u00e7a a l&#8217;islam que trenqui ostensiblement el dejuni en un lloc p\u00fablic durant el Ramad\u00e0\u00bb. Les sancions poden ser pres\u00f3 d&#8217;entre un i sis mesos, a m\u00e9s d&#8217;una multa.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-2e9b1c73\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\">Tant la \u00abnotorietat\u00bb com la \u00abostentaci\u00f3\u00bb s\u00f3n conceptes subjectius i queden a criteri de la policia i del jutge.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-5427e0dd\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\">I<strong>ran<\/strong>: Les autoritats iranians imposen sancions severes a aquells que trenquen el dejuni en p\u00fablic. Les penes poden variar des d&#8217;una simple amonestaci\u00f3 a la comissaria, multes, uns dies de pres\u00f3 i, en els casos m\u00e9s severs, flagel\u00b7lacions. No obstant aix\u00f2, la societat iraniana \u00e9s relativament tolerant, i \u00e9s com\u00fa veure persones bevent aigua discretament durant el dia.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-881ae534\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\"><strong>Paquistan<\/strong>: Segons la Llei de Respecte pel Ramad\u00e0 introdu\u00efda el 1981, menjar, beure o fumar en p\u00fablic durant les hores de dejuni pot resultar en una pena de pres\u00f3 d&#8217;entre un i tres mesos. A m\u00e9s, els establiments que serveixen menjar durant el dia poden ser sancionats.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-c19317a9\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\"><strong>Brunei<\/strong>: Les sancions per trencar el dejuni en p\u00fablic inclouen multes de fins a 4.000 d\u00f2lars de Brunei (aproximadament 2.700 euros) i fins a un any de pres\u00f3.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-4eabea6d\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\"><strong>Mal\u00e0isia<\/strong>: Les lleis isl\u00e0miques estatals estableixen multes i possibles penes de pres\u00f3 de fins a sis mesos per als musulmans que no compleixin el dejuni. En cas de reincid\u00e8ncia, la pena de pres\u00f3 pot duplicar-se.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-e44b075e\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\"><strong>Indon\u00e8sia<\/strong>: Tot i que a nivell estatal no hi ha c\u00e0stigs per trencar el dejuni, la prov\u00edncia d&#8217;Aceh, on regeix la xaria o llei isl\u00e0mica, aplica fuetades als infractors.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-a6b2c2ae\"><h2 class=\"uagb-heading-text\">El control extremista de l&#8217;Estat Isl\u00e0mic<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-2ea0fd61\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\">En territoris controlats per l&#8217;Estat Isl\u00e0mic, les sancions per no complir el dejuni del Ramad\u00e0 s\u00f3n extremadament severes. Els c\u00e0stigs van inclouen flagel\u00b7lacions, penjar els infractors pels bra\u00e7os i tancar-los en g\u00e0bies met\u00e0l\u00b7liques.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-1542eb81\"><h2 class=\"uagb-heading-text\"><strong>Activisme en contra de les lleis restrictives<\/strong><\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-87154c44\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\">En diversos pa\u00efsos, activistes i organitzacions de drets humans s&#8217;oposen a les lleis que imposen sancions per no complir el dejuni del Ramad\u00e0. Argumenten que aquestes lleis violen la llibertat individual i els drets humans b\u00e0sics. <\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-6ddd1650\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\">No obstant aix\u00f2, en molts casos, aquestes veus dissidents enfronten repressi\u00f3 i persecuci\u00f3 per part de les autoritats.<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-2db89276\"><h2 class=\"uagb-heading-text\"><strong>La hipocresia social<\/strong> del Ramad\u00e0<\/h2><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-8af390a0\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\">Moltes persones que no practiquen el dejuni en privat es mostren com a fidels devots en p\u00fablic per evitar el rebuig social. Durant el Ramad\u00e0 \u00e9s freq\u00fcent que alguns locals venguin menjar en secret a musulmans que no volen dejunar. Aquesta doble moral \u00e9s un reflex de la gran pressi\u00f3 social que existeix,<\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-6ad52232\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\">En conclusi\u00f3, les sancions per no complir el dejuni del Ramad\u00e0 varien \u00e0mpliament segons el pa\u00eds, des de la desaprovaci\u00f3 social fins a c\u00e0stigs f\u00edsics severs. Aquesta diversitat reflecteix les diferents interpretacions de la llei isl\u00e0mica i el grau de control social exercit en cada societat. <\/p><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-c3b6b73e\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-advanced-heading uagb-block-f1682e42\"><p class=\"uagb-heading-text\"><strong>M\u00e9s Percepcions de<\/strong><\/p><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"taxonomy-post_tag has-text-align-center wp-block-post-terms has-medium-font-size\"><a href=\"https:\/\/percepcions.cat\/es\/tag\/ganada\/\" rel=\"tag\">Ramad\u00e0<\/a><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-uagb-container uagb-block-9d899348 alignfull uagb-is-root-container\"><div class=\"uagb-container-inner-blocks-wrap\"><style type=\"text\/css\"><\/style><div class=\"essb_links essb_displayed_shortcode essb_share essb_template_default4-retina essb_template_glow-retina essb_1790538498 essb_size_m essb_links_center print-no\" id=\"essb_displayed_shortcode_1790538498\" 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Ramad\u00e1n<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":4534,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"normal-width-container","site-content-style":"unboxed","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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